Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by frequent, loose, or watery stools. It can be acute (short-term) or chronic (lasting more than four weeks), depending on the underlying cause. While most cases resolve on their own, persistent or severe diarrhea may indicate an underlying digestive disorder that requires medical attention.

Common Symptoms of Diarrhea

Frequent Loose or Watery Stools – Passing stools more often than usual, often with a watery consistency.
Abdominal Cramps or Pain – Mild to severe discomfort in the stomach, often due to increased bowel movements.
Urgency to Pass Stools – A sudden, uncontrollable need to use the restroom.
Bloating & Gas – Excess gas buildup in the stomach leading to discomfort and bloating.
Nausea & Vomiting – Often occurs in cases of food poisoning or viral infections.
Fever & Chills – A sign of infection, especially with bacterial or viral diarrhea.
Dehydration – Loss of fluids can lead to excessive thirst, dry mouth, dizziness, and weakness.

Signs of Severe Diarrhea (Seek Medical Attention)

Severe Dehydration – Extreme thirst, decreased urination, dark urine, dry skin, or dizziness.

Blood in Stool – Black, tarry, or red stools could indicate internal bleeding.
High Fever (Above 102°F / 39°C) – May indicate a serious infection.
Persistent Diarrhea (More than 3 Days) – If symptoms do not improve, medical evaluation is needed.
Severe Abdominal Pain – Sharp or continuous pain may indicate a serious underlying condition.

Possible Causes of Diarrhea

Infections – Bacterial (Salmonella, E. coli), viral (norovirus, rotavirus), or parasitic infections.
Food Poisoning – Contaminated or spoiled food can trigger diarrhea.
Lactose Intolerance – Difficulty digesting dairy products can lead to diarrhea.
Medication Side Effects – Antibiotics, laxatives, and certain drugs can disrupt gut bacteria.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) – A chronic digestive disorder causing frequent diarrhea.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) – Conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can cause chronic diarrhea.
Malabsorption Disorders – Conditions like celiac disease and pancreatic insufficiency can prevent proper nutrient absorption.

When to See a Gastroenterologist?

If diarrhea is persistent, severe, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms like weight loss, blood in stools, or recurrent episodes, a gastroenterologist should be consulted. Early diagnosis helps in effective treatment and prevents complications.