Heartburn

Heartburn is a common digestive symptom characterized by a burning sensation in the chest, often after eating. It occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation. While occasional heartburn is normal, frequent or severe episodes may indicate an underlying condition such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Common Symptoms of Heartburn

Burning sensation in the chest – A sharp or burning pain behind the breastbone, usually occurring after eating or at night.
Acidic or bitter taste in the mouth – Stomach acid reflux can cause a sour or bitter taste, often accompanied by a feeling of food regurgitation.
Discomfort that worsens when lying down – Symptoms are often more intense when lying flat or bending over.
Persistent throat irritation – Chronic acid reflux can cause a sore throat, hoarseness, or the sensation of a lump in the throat.
Difficulty swallowing (Dysphagia) – Frequent heartburn may lead to inflammation in the esophagus, making it harder to swallow.
Chronic cough or wheezing – Acid reflux can irritate the airways, leading to persistent cough, asthma-like symptoms, or shortness of breath.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While occasional heartburn is not a cause for concern, seek medical advice if you experience:

Frequent heartburn (more than twice a week)
Difficulty swallowing or persistent throat discomfort
Unexplained weight loss
Chest pain that mimics heart attack symptoms (tightness, pain spreading to the arm or jaw)
Black or bloody stools, which may indicate internal bleeding

Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications such as esophagitis, ulcers, or Barrett’s esophagus, a condition that increases the risk of esophageal cancer. If you experience persistent or severe heartburn, consult a gastroenterologist for proper evaluation and management.