Fibroids

Overview

Fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They vary in size and may cause symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, frequent urination, and reproductive issues. While some fibroids remain asymptomatic, others require medical intervention.

Symptoms of Fibroids

Heavy or prolonged menstrual periods
Pelvic pain or pressure
Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder
Constipation
Back or leg pain
Pain during intercourse
Difficulty conceiving (in some cases)

Diagnosis

Fibroids are typically diagnosed through:

Pelvic Examination – A gynecologist checks for abnormalities in the uterus.
Ultrasound – A non-invasive imaging test to detect and measure fibroids.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) – Provides detailed images to assess fibroid size and location.
Hysteroscopy – A thin, lighted tube inserted into the uterus for closer examination.
Sonohysterography – A specialized ultrasound using saline to get clearer images.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the size, number, location of fibroids, severity of symptoms, and future pregnancy plans. Options include:

1. Medications

Hormonal Therapy: Birth control pills, GnRH agonists, and progestins help manage symptoms but do not eliminate fibroids.
Pain Relievers: NSAIDs like ibuprofen help reduce pain and inflammation.
Iron Supplements: Recommended for anemia caused by heavy bleeding.

2. Minimally Invasive Procedures

Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE): Shrinks fibroids by cutting off their blood supply.
MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound (FUS): Uses high-intensity ultrasound waves to destroy fibroid tissue.
Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: Removes fibroids inside the uterus through the vaginal canal.

3. Surgical Treatments

Myomectomy: Removes fibroids while preserving the uterus, suitable for women planning pregnancy.
Hysterectomy: Complete removal of the uterus, a permanent solution for severe cases.

When to Seek Medical Help?

Consult a gynecologist if you experience:

Heavy, prolonged, or irregular periods
Severe pelvic pain or pressure
Difficulty emptying the bladder
Trouble conceiving

Conclusion

Fibroids are common but manageable with the right approach. Whether through medications, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery, treatment can relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. If you suspect fibroids, seek medical advice for personalized care.