Dry Eyes

What is Dry Eye Disease?

Dry eye disease occurs when your eyes do not produce enough tears, or the tears evaporate too quickly, resulting in discomfort and vision disturbances. It’s a common condition that affects people of all ages but is more frequent in older adults.

Causes of Dry Eyes

Common causes include:

Aging, especially after age 50
Hormonal changes (e.g. menopause)
Prolonged screen use
Autoimmune diseases (e.g. Sjögren’s syndrome)
Environmental factors (wind, air conditioning)
Contact lens wear
Certain medications (antihistamines, antidepressants)

Symptoms of Dry Eyes

Stinging or burning sensation
Gritty or sandy feeling
Redness or irritation
Blurred vision
Eye fatigue
Sensitivity to light
Watery eyes (reflex tearing)

Diagnosing Dry Eyes

Diagnosis may involve:

Comprehensive eye exam
Tear break-up time test
Schirmer’s test (tear production measurement)
Ocular surface staining
Meibomian gland evaluation

Treatment for Dry Eyes

Treatment varies depending on severity:

Artificial tears and lubricating eye drops
Prescription eye drops (e.g. cyclosporine)
Warm compresses and lid hygiene
Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation
Punctal plugs to reduce tear drainage
Environmental modifications (humidifiers)

When to See a Doctor?

Seek an ophthalmologist if you experience:

Persistent discomfort or blurry vision
Difficulty performing daily activities
Redness and pain in the eye
Sensitivity to light

Conclusion

Dry eye disease is manageable with timely diagnosis and treatment. Persistent symptoms should not be ignored, as untreated dry eyes can damage the eye surface. Consult Heritage Hospital’s Ophthalmology Department for expert care.