Respiratory Infections in Children

Respiratory infections are among the most common illnesses affecting children, ranging from mild colds to severe lung infections. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent complications and ensure a speedy recovery.

Common Types of Respiratory Infections:

Upper Respiratory Infections (URIs): Includes common colds, sinusitis, and laryngitis.
Lower Respiratory Infections (LRIs): Includes bronchitis, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis, which can be more severe.

Causes & Risk Factors:

Viral infections (e.g., influenza, RSV, rhinovirus)
Bacterial infections (e.g., streptococcus, mycoplasma pneumoniae)
Weakened immune system
Exposure to smoke, pollution, or allergens
Seasonal changes and daycare/school exposure

Symptoms to Watch For:

Coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath
Fever and chills
Nasal congestion and sore throat
Difficulty breathing or rapid breathing
Fatigue and irritability in younger children

Treatment Options:

Medication-Based Treatment:
- Antiviral or antibiotic medications (if bacterial infection is confirmed)
- Fever-reducing medicines to control temperature
- Nebulization or inhalers for breathing difficulties (as in asthma-related infections)
Supportive Care:
- Adequate hydration and rest
- Steam inhalation and saline drops for nasal congestion
- Oxygen therapy in severe cases of pneumonia or bronchiolitis
Preventive Measures:
- Regular handwashing and hygiene practices
- Vaccination against flu, pneumonia, and whooping cough
- Avoiding exposure to smoke and allergens

When to Seek Medical Help?

If a child experiences persistent fever, breathing difficulties, bluish lips, or signs of dehydration, immediate medical attention is required. At Heritage Hospital, our Pulmonology (TB & Chest) department provides expert care for managing respiratory infections in children, ensuring timely treatment and recovery.